Strict Liability Free Essays

August 7, 2009 Criminal Law- 2 Essay on Strict Liability Crimes Having no element for Mens Rea, consequently permits punishment on those that may be blameless to a crime. With that fact, there is definitely a wide range of controversial pro’s and con’s. I personally am unbiased either way regarding this topic, for any and all concerns I feel are legitimate. We will write a custom essay sample on Strict Liability or any similar topic only for you Order Now What I will set forth here is unbiased opinion and facts to all pro’s and con’s. In this world there are many regular civilians and citizens that may encounter, in some form or another, an inconvenience, mishap or even loss on many degrees’ due to someone’s negligence or culpable liability. Which will lead me to one’s take on the pro’s or benefit to the existence of strict liability crimes. First and foremost, when someone is hurt or harmed, they want recourse and they want it from whomever is liable, or from the closes person to that liable party. So they care nothing about ones blamelessness or mental intent, which in this case the law would not hold prudent anyway. To them and to the law â€Å"public health and safety come first. † For them an act alone is all that would actually need to be proved. For if that were not the case, then the possible victims would not have any remedy under the law. Further more, the benefits to society outweighs the cost of punishing those that may have no true blame. As for the con’s in strict liability offenses, one might argue that being held liable without subjective or objective fault may be a violation to the U. S. Constitution. Where this stipulation actually contradicts the Model Penal Code (MPC) etc. on criminal liability and the stature of concurrence. Further more, with there being no actual or effective means on protection against strict liability or accidents, leaves a broad range of exceptional blameworthiness. Where â€Å"they† could say â€Å"we are the victims! † adversely this could jeopardize society and not protect it, thus curtail much human (especially professional) activities etc. at the fear of any possible culpable negligence. So here I have just a few to name the least, of pro’s and con’s on strict liability. So as you see we all have some legitimate place or say in this very controversial matter. For all people: individuals, civilians, families, cooperations, businesses, functions, police force and all professionals have some form of risk here. Over all I think the law on strict liability is well needed and the sacrifice’s are well wort h the gains†¦ for better of for worse. How to cite Strict Liability, Papers

The Impact of an Old Fleet on the Demand for Air T Essay Example For Students

The Impact of an Old Fleet on the Demand for Air T Essay ransportation: The Case of VASP Brazilian AirlinesIntroductionThe Viao Area So Paulo, known by the great public as VASP BrazilianAirlines, was created in November of 1933, in So Paulo. The company at first wasinvestor owned and its first planes were two Monospar, bought from an English airline. Even though it had a good beginning, the company had constant losses and the onlysolution to solve the crisis was asking for government help. On March of 1935, the SoPaulo government agreed to help the company, not lending money but making it a publiccompany owned half by the state and half by the city of So Paulo. The VASP ownersagreed with that decision, because it was the only way to avoid bankruptcy. After decades under government control, in 1988, the So Paulo state told the pressthat it wished to privatize the company because it still had monthly losses. On October of1990, on a public auction, the VOE/CANHEDO group, represented by the Canhedo Groupand the VASP employers, bought the company for US$44 million dollars. Until today, thecompany is owned by the VOE/CANHEDO group. After the reelection of Fernando Henrique Cardoso as President of Brazil, thebrazilian central bank decided to devaluate its currency and the airlines suffered a lotbecause its debts were in US dollars. One of the biggest problems that VASP faced was thatit had earnings on brazilian currency and had costs in US dollars. QUndergraduate Student of EPGE/FGV; E-mail: emailprotectedWhile VASP was facing all this trouble, in 2001, the low fare airlines boomarrived in Brazil. The GOL Linhas Areas was a mimic of Jet Blue 1. Its prices were at least40% less than the airlines operating in Brazil and it did attract costumers. The meal servedinside the plane is quite simple, just cold sandwiches and cereal bars. VASP that could not compete with the brazilian biggest airlines, VARIG and TAM,now had a competitor: GOL. At the end of 2002, GOL passed VASP on the brazilianairline market, making VASP the 4th brazilian airline, after VARIG, TAM and GOL. Recently, one of VASP airplanes had problems while flying to Fortaleza airport,Pinto Martins. A week later, another airplane flying from So Paulo to Curitiba hadproblems after landing. The land crew tried to fix the problem and after it took off tocontinue the flight, the planes remained and the plane had to go back to Curitiba2. One ofthe biggest brazilian newspapers said that the VASP fleet was from the 1970s. The VASPfrequent flyers were shocked. Nowadays, VASP and GOL compete for the third place ofthe brazilian airline market. MethodologyAccording to the microeconomics theory, the demand for a certain object dependson the price, the price of other similar object and the budget constraint. To help the study,the quality of services offered by the airlines besides the ones discussed above, we caninclude the frequency delay3 and flight timeYoung(1972) and Anderson Kraus(1981). Our aim will be to analyze how the quality of services can affect the demand for airtransportationDouglas Miller(1974), Anderson Kraus(1981) and Trapani Olson(1982). A possible doubt that can come one your mind is how a passenger could measurethe age of the airline that he is fixing to board. The answer it is simple. An older airplanelooks are not good. It looks like it had received a complete patchwork. Indeed, an oldairplane with those kinds of looks could worry some of the passengers. Juvenile Delinquency Essay(11) =y +y +y +y 2 + e0 1 2 3 flyvasp price planeage planeage6 For further information visit Boeing website. 7 Wooldridge(2002)Where flyvasp is a dummy variable that assumes 1 if the passenger flew VASP and0 if the passenger flew GOL. The dependent variable price represents the price paid by thepassenger to fly(R$). The variable planeage represents the age of the airplane that thepassenger used.(years). 0 y is the intercept of the equation while the i y are the slopes of thedependent variables. The quadratic variable planeage2 was included because we want tostudy also the positives or negatives marginal effects of the variable planeage. Themarginal effect would be:(12) planeageplaneageflyvasp2 3 =y + 2yAfter these problems that VASP faced with its airplanes, I think it would beimportant to analyze if the age of the airplane does affect the demand for airtransportation. In order to do this I would use cross sectional data. The econometric modelused, as discussed above, would be the linear probability model(LPM). The estimationmethod used would be generalized least squares(GLS).8 The need of this method is why wehave the risk of facing heteroskedasticy. The Wald test is needed for the variables and theShapiro-Wilk searching for outliers. ConclusionsUnfortunately this research could not be finished because VASP went bankrupt andlost its permission to fly in March of 2005. However the model discussed above could beused to study the relationship between the demand of two airlines, just some modificationsneeded to be done. But indeed I know that this model would be helpful for further works. 8 Wooldridge(2002)ReferencesAbouchar, A. (1970) Air Transport Demand, Congestion Cost, and the Theory of OptimalAirport Use. Journal of American Statistical Association, v.3, n.3, p. 463-475. Anderson J.E, Kraus, M. (1981) Quality of Service and the Demand for Air Travel TheReview of Economics and Statistics. v.63. De Vany, A.S (1975) The Effect of Price and Entry Regulation on Airline Output,Capacity and Efficiency The Bell Journal of Economics v.6, p. 327-345. Departamento de Aviao Civil http://www.dac.gov.brDouglas, G.W., Miller III J.C (1974) Quality Competition, Industry Equilibrium andEfficiency in the Price-Constrained Airline Market American Economic Review v.64,p.67-76. Infraero http://www.infraero.gov.brGronau, R. (1980) The Value of Time in Passenger Transportation: The Demand for AirTravel Occasional paper 109 , National Bureau of Economic Research, New York. Isidore, C. (2002) Attack of low fare airlines CNNmoney, December 9, 2002Morrison, S., and Winston, C.(1995), The Evolution of the Airline Industry. BrookingsInstitutionTaaffe, E.J. (1956) Air Transportation and United States Urban DistributionGeographical Review 46, 219-238. Trapani, J.M., Olson, C.V. (1982), An Analysis of the Impact of Open Entry on Priceand the Quality of Service in the Airline Industry The Review of Economics andStatistics, 1982, vol. 64, issue 1, pages 67-76Verleger Jr. P. K. (1972) Models of the Demand for Air Transportation The BellJournal of Economics and Management Service v.3, p. 437-457Wooldridge, J. (2002) Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge, MA: MIT PressYoung, K.H. (1972), Cross-Sectional Demand Models: Estimates and Tests, Journalof Regional Science, 9

True Blood Tv Analysis Paper Essay Example

True Blood Tv Analysis Paper Essay Kimberly Gauthier 10-12-2010 English I Analytical Paper TRUE BLOOD: Violence in sexuality True Blood portrays violence in sexuality in a positive light by showing pleasurable yet violent sex scenes. The show portrays these violent acts as being a source of both pleasure and arousal for both participants. Although violence is a recurring theme throughout the entire show, it’s the violence that carries over into the â€Å"bedroom† scenes that seems so fascinating. The show has countless sex scenes and more often than not they involve violence, ranging from hair pulling to murdering humans for the purpose of having sex in their blood. True Blood may be showing just how far society has come towards being more open minded about what used to be taboo forms of sexuality. In the very first sex scene of True Blood, it begins with what society might view as a typical encounter between two young people. A woman is lying on a couch, seemingly uninterested, as a man performs oral sex on her, but he quickly discovers an odd mark on her thigh. We will write a custom essay sample on True Blood Tv Analysis Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on True Blood Tv Analysis Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on True Blood Tv Analysis Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The mark he soon realizes are the fang marks from a vampire. Although he seems disgusted at first, he soon becomes intrigued and wants to learn more about her sexual encounter with the dead man. She shows him a video she made of the pair together and he quickly becomes quite aroused. This leads to the show’s very first graphically violent sex scene. Jason hangs Mawdette from the ceiling with her hands tied up in chains, and then proceeds to have sexual intercourse very violently with her. Jason calls her several contemptuous names and then begins to choke her aggressively. Mawdette seems to also enjoy this behavior, as she has gone from uninterested to begging for more. This scene shows what most would consider to be a brutal act, but yet both participants were shown to find it extremely sexually gratifying. In the second episode of True Blood the show starts off with a horrendously violent scene, not directly involving sex. A couple is beating the young female main character nearly to death, but they seem to be really enjoying it. In the midst of beating the female to death, the female partner begins to make out with her boyfriend, both covered in blood. They both seem extremely aroused by the gruesome violence that they have both just participated in. True Blood portrays violence as being a means for arousal in this scene. Although this is clearly not as main stream as previous scenes, the show still showed it to be not completely out of the ordinary as there would be many more similar scenes throughout the following 3 seasons. This may have been an extreme example of what the show’s creators thought to be an emerging popular concept. Many other shows/movies in recent years have shown violence in mild forms to be a source of both arousal and sexual pleasure. Jason and his girlfriend Dawn provide two scenes in episodes two and four that are wonderful examples of mainstream violence in sexuality. In both scenes the foreplay is extremely rough containing everything from hair pulling to full on masked assault. In one scene Dawn slaps Jason in the face violently and he begs for more. The sex is also tempestuous, with bodies being slammed against walls and arms being pinned to the bed. Dawn even comments that the best sex she has ever had was the destructive sex with the vampire male. The scenes portray two ordinary people finding tremendous pleasure from both being violent, and being violated. The scenes were both graphic and highly violent, but yet seemed commonplace in the lives of the average characters. Many aspects of what True Blood demonstrated in these scenes are now mainstream ideas that can be seen in many shows and movies. The once taboo idea of violence and sexuality is now thought of by many as another form of sexual pleasure. Many people would agree that Rolling Stone has been a symbol of the times in our society for many decades. In September of 2010 their cover featured three main characters from True Blood, Eric, Bill, and Sookie. The three were completely nude and in an intensely erotic position. In past times this alone would be provocative and taboo, but this particular cover photo took it one step farther. The threesome was photographed nude and covered in blood. The caption read, â€Å"True Blood- Their Hot, Their Sexy, Their Undead†. The fact that this made it onto the cover of a magazine that is thought to cover current trends speaks volumes about how mainstream these ideas portrayed in HBO’s hit show have become. True Blood has what many describe as a cult like following of millions of viewers. It is undeniable that this show and its racy violence will continue into the future, and inevitable more shows like it will emerge. This is a sign that the times have changed and sexuality has become a much more complex subject with intricacies, constantly evolving, that not everyone will find acceptable.

Politics and Reform in Britain essays

Politics and Reform in Britain essays Britain was not a democracy; aristocrats dominated it. It had a constitutional monarchy that had many limits on the powers of the king and state. Landed aristocrats controlled both the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The majority of the middle and working class could not vote. Many towns continued to be governed by corrupt groups. New industrial towns were not allowed to elect representatives to Parliament. Younger sons of aristocrats had to make careers in law, business, the military, and the church because they didn't inherit titles. The wealthiest merchants bought lands, titles, and husbands for their daughters. The courts, Parliament, local government, the established Anglican church, and the monarch were all part of a social and political system dominated by aristocratic interests and values. In 1828, Parliament abolished a seventeenth-century act that barred Catholics and Nonconformists from government positions and from universities. In 1833, slavery was abolished within the British Empire. In 1835, the Municipal Corporations Act gave towns and cities greater authority over their affairs. It could make reforms such as sanitation, which Parliament passed the first Public Health Act in 1848. The House of Commons passed the Reform Bill of 1832, which gave more people the right to vote. But the House of Lords refused to pass the bill. So King William IV and many politicians threatened to increase the number of the bill's supporters in the House of Lords by creating new peers. The threat worked and the bill was passed. The Reform Act of 1832 extended the suffrage to the middle class and made the House of Commons more representative. During the 1830s and 1840s, reformers called Chartists agitated for democratic measures, such as the secret ballot, salaries, universal manhood suffrage, the abolition of property qualifications for members of Parliament, and annual elections for members of Parliament. The chartists were b...

Advantages of Volunteering at American Institute for Medical and Biolo Essay

Advantages of Volunteering at American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering The paper "Advantages of Volunteering at the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering" is a good example of an essay on social science. AIMBE has over 50,000 members who are in the medical and biological engineering. Volunteering at the organization will provide a platform to interact with other people in the same field. These interactions with different people at different stages of the biomedical engineering field will help grow my career by exposing me to different opportunities. I will also benefit from inspirations that come about from interacting with high achievers. Also, interacting with professionals and getting advice from them will also help in building my career and turn it into a great professionalism. Forging close friendships will also come in handy when looking for recommendations and introductions when it comes to work and career building. I will also get mentors who are experienced in the field to guide me and help me expound on my area of expertise . AIMBE sponsors a wide array of institutions including academic institutions, private industries, and other professional engineering societies (Johnson 2). By volunteering for the organization, I will get exposure to these organizations, Career-wise, this will help my development by opening a number of areas that I can major in and end up working there. The exposure will also provide an atmosphere of what is expected in professional development. Knowing what is expected from you and observing other professionals at work afford an advantage over many people in the job sector. The organization is also actively involved in researching new areas where the engineers can indulge. This expands to the fields where I can specialize in helping people and generally making the world a healthier place (Johnson 1).

Cinema & City Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cinema & City - Essay Example Thus the first cinematic clip was that of a city. Cinematic images of cities shed light on the past and future of urban spaces the crises and sensations of the inhabitants of the city are projected through cinema's endless capacity to contrast the urban and corporal (Barber, 2002) Wim Wenders' 'Der Himmel 'ber Berlin /Wings of Desire' (1987) and Tom Tykwer's 'Lola rennt/Run Lola Run' (1998) are two films which showcase the city of Berlin. The former portrays the divided Berlin of the cold-war era and the latter the modern city after the reunification of Germany and its capital. The city of Berlin possesses a unique history which has always been entwined with European history. At the start of the twentieth century Berlin desired to replace Paris and London as the leading European metropolis and become the cultural capital of Europe. After Hitler's coming to power, it became the place where the destiny of millions of people was decided. This era of Berlin's history is its most shameful and old Berliner's have tried to erase this period from their city and memory both. After the Second World War the devastated city was separated into East and West Berlin and thus became a unique place where communism and capitalism were confronting each other. The icon of the division, the Berlin Wall, was erected in 1961, and was dismantled in 1989, which smoothed the way for reuniting Germany in 1990. In 1991 Berlin was named the capital of the new unified state of Germany. Nowadays Berlin has changed drastically and claims to be the city of the future and is known all over the world for its ambitious architectural projects and bold decisions in urban planning. It has re-invented itself a dozen times and continues to do. The new city of Berlin is a symbol of defeat of both communism and its Nazi past and hope and development for the future. Berlin and cinema Berlin is also famous as a city from the point of view of its various world famous portrayals in text and film, starting with 'Berlin: Symphony of a Great City'(1927) by Walter Ruttmann and 'Alexanderplatz' by Alfred D'blin (1929) to the modern 'Wings of Desire' (1987) by Wim Wenders' and 'Run Lola Run' (1998) by Tom Tykwer's. Since the 1960's artists have arranged artworks and shows in the public areas of the city which criticized the cold war order and institutions, and later on the frantic attempt by the German regime to erase the past after fall of the Berlin Wall. Portraying Berlin means looking at a city that has undergone remarkable changes over the last century in which an emperor was banished and a new republic was created then failed, being followed by a Nazi dictatorship ending up in Germany's division which has now been overcome, but, naturally left its scars. Additionally, capitals and their self-perception are of enormous importance to a nation's identity, which is especially true for Berlin, a city owning the status of a 'full-blown metropolis, unlike any other German city' (Clarke, 2006:151) Since 1945 the film industry has put singular emphasis on screening a city's development, in chronological as well as in visual terms. Inversely a city itself can project a definite cinematic class which can be experienced in daily life. James Donald, in his sociology of the city imaginary, says that cinema has educated 'audiences across

Strategy and Competition of Swissair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategy and Competition of Swissair - Essay Example The rapid expansion which was supposed to bring Swissair out of its financial worries only served to make the situation worse eventually leading to liquidity problems for the company. Further, the manner in which Swissair spent money and made investments clearly shows that the management often had other interests in mind rather than the best interests of the company. Â  The SWOT Analysis of the company shows that while the strengths of the business were exploited, the weaknesses and were not accounted for and those weaknesses eventually led to the threats to the company becoming realities. The SWOT analysis created with the information presented in the case study shows the elements as follows. Â  Porter’s 5 Forces shows an interesting picture for the airline industry and it is clear that it is not easy to be a new entrant into a market which is dominated by heavy competition and rising costs. Profit margins for many airlines are becoming thinner as fuel costs and taxes are increased internationally which means the only determinant of new entrants is how easy or difficult it is for them to secure significant lines of capital. Even with price competition, an airline which has a strong brand name might be able to charge a premium for the same services as other airlines. Getting that brand name, however, requires continued service quality and a long history of excellence. The power of suppliers is also quite high since Boeing and Airbus dominate the supply side while the power of the buyers is quite low with regard to them simply needing planes if they are to call themselves as an airline. The threat of substitutes becomes low when we consider international travel but it remains quite high when local and regional travel is considered.